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67. Díaz del Castillo 190816, 1:66 [bk. 2, chap. 18]; 1:228 [bk. 4, chap. 62]; Dorantes de Carranza 1970:35. Bartolomé de las Casas (1967, 1:347 [bk. 3, chap. 66]) concurs about the keenness of these swords but says that the blades were easily lost. |
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68. González Rul (1971) provides dimensions for the reconstructions in the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico. |
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69. Nickel n.d. |
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70. Compare the Real Armería example with Muñoz Camargo 1981:277v, 279v. |
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71. Morris, Charlot, and Morris 1931, 2:plates 76, 116. |
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72. Bonampak 1955. This could be a poor depiction, however; the overall design of the weapon is similar to an axlike club held by a Mayan warrior on stela 3 at Itzimte (Euw 1977:11). |
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73. Acosta 1604, 2:440 [bk. 6, chap. 26]. |
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74. Clark 1938, 1:21. |
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75. Seler 1960, 2:594; Sullivan 1972:18889. |
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76. Sullivan 1972:18889. |
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77. Seler 1960, 2:592. For an example of a morning-star club from the classic Mayan, as well as classic Mayan warrior attire, see Furst 1978:120. See also Corson 1976:184. |
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78. See examples from western Mexico during the classic period (Baumbach 1969:31, 51, 60). |
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79. Clark 1938, 1:20; Clavigero 1787, 1:36566; Nuttall 1891b:34. |
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80. Anonymous Conqueror 1963:169; Nuttall 1891b:35. |
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81. Nuttall 1891b:35; Porcacchi da Castiglione Arretino 1980:23. |
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82. Sullivan 1972:16061, 17475. |
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83. Díaz del Castillo 190816, 2:65 [bk. 6, chap. 91]. |
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84. Aguilar 1963:139; Casas 1967, 1:348 [bk. 3, chap. 66]. |
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85. See examples in Pasztory 1983:279, 285. |
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86. The few examples of square or rectangular shields in pictorial sources, such as the Códice Tudela (1980) and the Codex Magliabechiano (Boone 1983), may represent artistic variations and, in any case, are carried by executioners. |
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87. See examples from throughout the Mayan area, especially figurines from Jaina Island, the murals at Chichen Itza, and the murals at present-day Cacaxtla, Tlaxcala. The rectangular shields may have been diagnostic of Maya and Maya-influenced cultures. However, see stela 31 at Tikal, showing a warrior, probably from Teotihuacan, holding a similar shield (Jones and Satterthwaite 1982: figs. 5152). Alternatively, the style may have been widespread during the classic period. |
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88. López de Gómara 196566, 2:81. |
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89. Anonymous Conqueror 1963:169; Clark 1938, 1:20; Nuttall 1891b:34; Seler 1960, 5:665. For an extended discussion of the designs of shields, insignia, and so forth, see Berdan and Anawalt n.d. |
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90. Carrera Stampa 1949:10. |
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91. E.g., Sullivan 1972:16063, 17379. See the excellent example held by a warrior figurine from classic Veracruz in Sotheby's 1984:lot 135. |
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92. Miller 1973:109. |
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