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"officers" or "noncommissioned officers"; (2) when it refers to a specific classification or group of warriors, such as "major'' or "colonel"; and (3) when it denotes people in general but may also be applied to warriors, such as the term men. For example, the Aztecs used oquichtli and huei oquichtli in discussing warriors, but these merely meant "man'' and "great man," respectively, and did not reflect either general or specific classifications of warriors. Other general terms had more applicability, such as yaoquizqui, "soldier." But considering such terms to denote ranking introduces more problems than it clarifies. |
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3. As an example, the Tlaxcaltec army apparently had a single supreme commander, but the political authority that directed him was divided among four coleaders. When they sent directives opposed by the war leader, they sent them three times and also sent word to the captains of each army unit not to obey the supreme commander's orders to the contrary (Díaz del Castillo 190816, 1:256 [bk. 4, chap. 69]; Ramón y Zamora 1897:28788 [bk. 2, chap. 6]). |
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4. Sahagún 1954:77. |
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5. This discussion of social organization is based largely on Carrasco (1971:35156). |
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6. Anonymous Conqueror 1963:16869. |
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7. Cortés 1971:199. |
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8. Clark 1938, 1:89; Hernández 1946:23 [bk. 1, chap. 4]; Sahagún 1952:49. |
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9. Durán 1967, 2:120 [chap. 14], 213 [chap. 26]; Mendieta 1971:124; Sahagún 1952:55. |
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10. Durán 1967,1:49 [chap. 51]; Sahagún 1952:49. |
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11. Sahagún 1954:75. |
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12. Sahagún 1952:49. |
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13. See Chapter 4 for a discussion of the demographic calculations. |
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14. Clark 1938, 1:89; Hernández 1946:23 [bk. 1, chap. 41]; Sahagún 1952:49. |
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15. Sahagún 1952:4950; translation by J. Richard Andrews. |
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16. Sahagún 1952:5051; translation by J. Richard Andrews. |
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17. Sahagún 1954:5355. |
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18. Sahagún 1954:52. |
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19. Acosta 1604, 2:442 [bk. 6, chap. 27]; Clark 1938, 1:9192; Durán 1967,1:48 [chap. 5]; Sahagún 1952:53. |
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20. Sahagún 1952:54. |
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21. Zorita 1971:139. |
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22. Sahagún 1952:57. |
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23. Sahagún 1952:49. |
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24. Durán 1967,1:48 [chap. 5]; Sahagún 1952:49,5961; Zorita 1971:138. |
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25. Sahagún 1954:7174. |
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26. Seler 1960, 2:77172. For English translations see Seler 1939. |
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27. Acosta 1604, 2:442 [bk. 6, chap. 27]; Durán 1967, 2:31617 [chap. 41]; Hernández 1946:24 [bk. 1, chap. 5]; Sahagún 1952:59. |
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28. Sahagún 1952:5960; translation by J. Richard Andrews. |
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