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74. Crónica mexicana 1975:541 [chap. 75]; Durán 1967, 2:359 [chap. 46]. |
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75. Crónica mexicana 1975:583 [chap. 84]. |
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76. Durán 1967, 2:13337 [chap. 16]. |
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77. Sahagún 1951:46. |
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78. Acosta 1604, 2:352 [bk. 5, chap. 21]. Although sacrifice was the fate of most war captives, Bosch García (1944:38) states that some were used to ransom captives (based on Torquemada 197583, 4:326 [bk. 14, chap. 3]), and González (1979:87) maintains that others became slaves. |
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79. Acosta 1604, 2:352 [bk. 5, chap. 21]. |
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80. Durán 1967, 1:31 [chap. 3]. |
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81. Motolinía 1971:68 [bk. 1, chap. 21]. |
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82. Sahagún 1970:32. |
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83. Durán 1967, 2:172 [chap. 20]; Sahagún 1951:34. |
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84. Durán 1967, 1:33 [chap. 3]. |
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85. Sahagún 1957:2526. |
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86. Chimalpahin 1965:229 [relación 7]; Durán 1967, 2:45354 [chap. 60]. |
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87. Sahagún 1957:12. |
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88. Sahagún 1957:2. |
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89. Torquemada 197583, 1:263 [bk. 2, chap. 66]. |
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90. Durán 1967, 2:439 [chap. 58]; Sahagún 1951:168. |
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91. Sahagún 1951:179, 169. |
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92. Sahagún 1951:176. |
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93. Durán 1967, 1:98100 [chap. 9], 2:17273 [chap. 20]; Sahagún 1951:4859; 1954:8485. For a possible interpretation of the individual significance of these sacrifices, see Clendinnen 1985. |
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94. Durán 1967, 2:27879 [chap. 36]; Sahagún 1951:4647. |
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95. Motolinía 1971:74 [bk. 1, chap. 26]. |
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96. In a xochiyaoyotl with Tlaxcallan, for example, the Tlatelolcas killed 370 of the enemy and captured only 100 (Crónica mexicana 1975:651 [chap. 99]). In a xochiyaoyotl with Chalco the Aztecs captured 500 warriors (Durán 1967, 2:143 [chap. 16]). In these battles, of course, noncombatants were not taken prisoners. |
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1. Rounds 1979:7475. |
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2. Rounds 1979:7576. The actual origin of Acamapichtli is disputed (Davies 1973:5564; 1980:30) and the various accounts sometimes conflict but they generally agree on his foreign or Aztec-foreign origin (Carrasco 1984a:57). |
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3. Carrasco 1984b:5759; Rounds 1979:77. |
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4. Acosta 1604, 2:468; Códice Ramírez 1975:37; Durán 1967, 2:56 [chap. 6]; Torquemada 197583, 1:141 [bk. 2, chap. 13]. |
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5. Several major difficulties exist in reconstructing martial events during the reigns of the early Aztec kings in addition to those of textual interpretation. First, the Aztecs were not independent but were tributaries of the |
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