|
|
|
|
|
|
|
match for the Spaniards. Ideology was not the determining factor in the Aztecs' loss, at the level either of armies or of individuals. But ideology was important at the political level, for it played a role in structuring the Aztec Empire. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Much of the Aztecs' defeat can be understood by examining the advantages and disadvantages of the way their imperial system was structured. The advantages this system offered Tenochtitlan were a relatively large tribute return, few administrative or control costs, and an expanded area of trade, achieved at the relatively low cost of mounting periodic military campaigns.
19 However, these advantages were met with equal disadvantages. Because the Aztec system relied on creating alliances of individuals, classes, and city-states, its power fluctuated. As a result, political integration was fragile and depended on the perception of Aztec strength and resolve so that compliance was largely self-generated rather than dependent on structural changes. The system was a viable oneindeed, even an efficient onein the absence of a major competing power around which disaffected members could unite. But this vacancy was filled by the Spaniards. The Spanish conquest was not one of superior arms and wills but one that took advantage of existing cleavages within the system to split the empire, turn its members on the Aztecs, and rend it asunder. |
|
|
|
|
|